VCSEL laser (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser)
The full name of VCSEL is Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL), which is called surface-emitting laser. It is one of the light sources used in fiber-optic communication.
The full name of VCSEL is Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL), which is called surface-emitting laser. It is one of the light sources used in fiber-optic communication. Different from LED (Light Emitting Diode) and other light sources such as LD (Laser Diode), VCSEL light source can change the frequency to Giga Hz, and the transmission rate naturally has Giga bps. Although conventional LDs also have the above properties, they are more expensive and the efficiency of luminescence is much worse than VCSEL. In addition, the driving voltage and current required by the VCSEL are small, so that the lifetime is more than 10 million hours, more than 100 times that of other light sources. The OPEAK module/desktop VCSEL source is a highly stable, cost effective light source. Automated precision temperature control (ATC) and power control (APC) technology ensure long-term stability of optical power and spectral shape. Single mode fiber output, a variety of connectors or adapters are available to facilitate fast, low loss, fast interconnect with external devices. The output optical power is adjustable and the internal modulation mode is optional.
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is a new type of laser that emits light from a vertical surface. The structure different from the conventional edge-emitting laser brings many advantages: the small divergence angle and the circular symmetry of the far and near-field distribution greatly increase the coupling efficiency with the fiber without the complicated and expensive beam shaping system. It is proved that the coupling efficiency with multimode fiber can be more than 90%; the length of the cavity is extremely short, which leads to the large longitudinal mode spacing, which can realize single longitudinal mode operation in a wide temperature range, and the dynamic modulation frequency is high; Small makes its spontaneous emission factor several orders of magnitude higher than that of ordinary end-fired lasers, which leads to a lot of physical properties being improved; it can be tested in the chip, which greatly reduces the development cost; the vertical direction of the light-emitting direction makes it easy to achieve high density. The integration of two-dimensional area arrays enables higher power output, and because multiple lasers can be arranged in parallel in the direction perpendicular to the substrate, it is well suited for applications such as parallel optical transmission and parallel optical interconnection. The speed is successfully applied to single-channel and parallel optical interconnections, with its high performance-price ratio in broadband Ethernet and high-speed data communication networks. To a large number of applications; it is the most attractive manufacturing process of the light emitting diode (LED) compatible, low cost mass production.
Application and prospects:
In terms of fiber-optic communication, the VCSEL market is currently developing at an unprecedented rate, and the replacement of high-priced LDs in North America for the construction of Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet data communication networks has led to an explosive growth in the demand for high-speed VCSEL transceiver modules. Although the current communications market is shrinking, according to the recent forecast by E1ectroniCast, the global demand for VCSEL laser transceivers for optical communications will continue to increase at a rate of 35% per year over the next five years, reaching $2 billion by 2006. Future China will be the largest data communication network market, using VCSEL/Pin arrays to achieve very short distance (VSR) parallel optical interconnects of 10 Gbit/s or even 40 Gbit/s and high-density back between high-capacity switching equipment and transmission equipment. Board connection will greatly promote the development of domestic data communication networks and communication equipment.
VCSEL also has a good application prospect in other aspects. In terms of optical printing, the electronicization of optical scanning technologies such as polygonal mirrors in laser printers has been a problem that has not been solved for many years, and has gradually improved with the development of technology. If LED arrays are used, power consumption is a bottleneck, and the introduction of VCSEL arrays can solve this problem. Multiple beams in the form of an array of thousands of VCSELs may be the best way to replace polygonal mirror scanning. Compared to a single laser tube in the past, the VCSEL's array-integrated structure allows simultaneous multi-line scanning. This can greatly increase the scanning speed of the laser printer and extend its service life accordingly. In terms of light display, the usual displays are constructed using red, green, and blue ternary color light tubes. If lasers with red, green, and blue ternary colors can be fabricated, they can be used in the technical field of large displays. . Currently, GaN series lasers with wavelengths ranging from blue to ultraviolet are in the research stage. This series of VCSELs is a powerful technology for solving future image displays. In terms of illumination, the electro-optic conversion efficiency of VCSEL is more than 50%, which is much higher than the current illumination source. If its wavelength can cover from the ultraviolet range to the visible region, it can be expected to have a wide application prospect in the field of illumination. To achieve white light illumination. For example, indoor lighting that adjusts light intensity, backlights for laptops, traffic lights, and outdoor lighting. In addition, there are also hopes for application in gas detection and high-density optical storage.
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