Single Mode Fiber & Multi mode Fiber
Single mode fiber (usually yellow) is suitable for long-distance communication transmission, and multimode fiber (usually other colors such as orange, water blue, etc.) is suitable for short-distance communication transmission.
First, the basic difference of single mode fiber / multi-mode fiber
The single mode fiber is transmitted in a mode with a core of 9 μm, a speed of 100 M/s or 1 G/s, a transmission distance of more than 5 km, and a light source for the laser source. The color of the cable is mostly yellow, the connector is mostly blue or green, and the applicable wavelength is 1310nm~1550nm;
Multi Mode Fiber supports multiple modes of transmission with a core of 50μm/62.5μm, a typical speed of 100M/s, a transmission distance of up to 2km, 1 G/s up to 1000m, and 10 G/s up to 550m. The light source is an LED light source. The cable color is more than Gigabit orange, and the multi-gigabit is water blue. The connector is grayish white and the wavelength is 850nm/1310nm.
Second, single mode / multimode fiber classification
Single mode fiber has G652 G655 G657; multimode fiber has OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, OM5.
The new OM5 fiber patch cords are mostly lime green. Compared to OM4 fiber patch cords, OM4 only supports single wavelength transmission at a time, while OM5 can support 4 wavelengths at a time and has a longer transmission distance. It will be widely used in 40G/100G data center wiring. OM1/OM2 is widely used indoors, mostly orange; OM3/OM4 is mostly water blue, also has violet, magenta, etc., mostly used in data center 10G-40G/100G.
Since single-mode fiber can transmit longer distances, why not use single-mode fiber?
The biggest difference from single mode fiber is that the multimode fiber has a larger diameter. A larger core diameter means that multimode fiber can support multiple transmission modes. Although this results in a higher price than single-mode fiber, single-mode fiber uses solid-state laser diode as the light source, while multimode fiber uses LED as the light source. Light source, it is obvious that the former device is more expensive than the latter device, resulting in the cost of using multimode fiber is much less than the cost of using single mode fiber, in addition, in the short-distance optical transmission conditions, especially in the LAN wiring scenario, multimode fiber It works as well as single-mode fiber, so multimode fiber is more suitable for data center construction driven by cost advantage.
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